Showing posts with label layoffs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label layoffs. Show all posts

Sunday, June 7, 2026

New Era? - Weekly Blog # 944

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

New Era?

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

          

Evidence

After an extended period of daily market movements below 1% per day, the most meaningful stock market index fell -2.64%, with the technology sector falling much more. The 30-company Philadelphia Semiconductor Index which produces the critical needs for “AIs” explosive growth fell -10.3%, while the NASDAQ Composite fell -4.18%. (This is not the first decline for a new technology driven bull market, which was led by railroads, canals, and undersea cables in 1873. These stocks traded on exchanges in America, London, and Vienna. In Vienna the market dropped 45% in one day.) Despite the happy talk from Washington and various pundits, we have seen continued notices of layoffs from large, seasoned companies, including by Macy and Saks. In New Jersey, April unemployment was 4.8% vs 4.3% nationally. (It was just announced that Exxon and Chevron have changed their state of incorporation from New Jersey to Texas.) What is more significant to me is the number of bank branches that are closing. Perhaps more significant is the observable factor that attractive, wealthy women, are not wearing expensive jewelry while shopping or at performances.

 

Midweek, the AAII sample survey showed the market outlook for the next six months being 36% bullish and 37% bearish. (I suspect that if the survey was done after Friday’s market, we would have seen a bigger total for the bears). Interestingly, some stocks that typically don’t attract tech buyers, like Coca Cola* (+3.46%), Moody’s* (0.49%), and even Apple*, fell less than the market (-1.25%).

*Owned in managed or personal accounts.

 

My View 

Most analysts and pundits compare stock price performance to past cycles to determine investment policies, much like telling time with a stopped clock. Seldom in an investment career does it pay to look for meaningful structural change. One way to do this is to recognize that old firmly held beliefs, like a flat earth, keep us from falling into the abyss. Like Columbus, we should seek to find new riches by going against the popular view, putting faith in a compass over an orderly world view. Similar to Columbus I may be wrong, but I will hopefully reward my backers with fabulous wealth by addressing society’s real problem, far too many unproductive people. Not only are the young unproductive, but there are also healthy seniors not working for money or the good of society.

 

Today’s government employment data shows that there are sufficient job openings for all the unemployed, although the hirers say they can’t find enough people to meet their needs. Only 61% of our population are employed. I translate that to mean they can’t find people with the correct attitudes and education to meet their needs. This is an indictment of both our schools and homelife. To solve this problem, they should automate wherever possible, which can mean using “AI”. 

 

 For many years I boarded a 6 AM train with papers to read, reaching the office at about 7 AM prepared for my first meeting with colleagues or committee members of the New York Society of Securities Analysts, the trade association of my profession. I was not alone, I would meet other analysts outside their offices for a bite of breakfast, where executive committee members were also having breakfast with their direct reports or others that were on the way up. (This was not the normal day that the executive committee officially met, but they were still doing business.) After a full day working numbers and writing reports, I caught the 6 PM train home. I arrived at close to 7 PM and then spent time with my children going over how they spent their day. Thus, my workday was 12 hours, with some additional time spent on the weekend. I probably spent some 70 hours a week fighting my way up the ladder.

 

The law calls for a 40-hour week, which does not include lunch. Today, according to the Department of Labor, the average American works a little more than 34 hours a week and that time probably includes lunch. If you listen to the young people of today, they believe in a work/life balance of at least 50/50. No wonder our productivity grows at around 3%, which appears to be higher than in China.

 

“Evidently, when Trump visited Xi Jinping last month, the Chinese president made a pointed reference to the concept of overstretch. A concept that was put forward over two millennia ago by the ancient historian and general, Thucydides. Can China and the US overcome this trap? There is also the risk of war expenditures becoming greater than the rest of the economy. The current administration, unlike China, is extremely focused on short-term-announcements impacting the mid-terms. Strategically however, both the President and Xi Jinping are aware of the seminal work by Rear Admiral Alfred Thayer Mahon, titled The Influence of Sea Power Upon History.

 

See what you can do to increase productivity and put more of us to work for society. Your help is needed.

                                         

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Warnings Increasing - Weekly Blog # 943

Mike Lipper's Blog: Rhymes + Future Opportunities - Weekly Blog # 942

Mike Lipper's Blog: Many Trends Within the Same Market - Weekly Blog # 941

 

 

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Sunday, May 31, 2026

Warnings Increasing - Weekly Blog # 943

 

 

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

Warnings Increasing

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

          

 

Preface

I cannot predict the future, and I believe none can. The best I can do is use a life-long habit of dealing with chances of what may happen. In other words, odds are one possibility is more likely than another.

 

We all hope that the various problems facing the financial world will be quickly solved to our personal benefit. However, as a trained analyst I am compelled to increasingly doubt the expressed views found in most US media and by other pundits which are not completely echoed beyond our borders. These items came out last week.

 

Worry List in Chronological Order

  1. The number of farm bankruptcies rose 40%. (The same thing happened before the depression.)
  2. The University of Michigan Consumer Confidence Survey dropped to 93.1 from 93.7.
  3. Another Fund Management Company is looking to find a new home - Dimensional Fund Advisors. (I expect there will be others.)
  4. Perella Weinberg, an investment bank, is laying off 10 partners and 10% of the firm. (More to come?)
  5. Gary Shelling predicts a 30 % chance of a S&P 500 bear market in 2026 and a 60-70% chance in 2027.
  6. Canada has economically contracted for 3 of the past 5 quarters, falling into a recession. (The US is their largest customer, and our companies own lots of Canadian companies.)
  7. Prudential Insurance, Meta Holdings, and Johnson & Johnson, are compelled to announce layoffs.
  8. On Friday, the last day of the month, more stocks were sold on a decline on both the NYSE and NASDAQ. However, this may be typical selling before the weekend.
  9. In May only three S&P 500 sectors rose: InfoTech+5.6%, Consumer Discretionary +0.26%, and Healthcare +0.21%. Eight sectors fell.
  10. The three forces that led to the market index rising were:  Affluent Consumers, “AI” investments, and Asset Allocation. (Contrary points: Inflation was up more than wages. Other industries that were similar and didn’t work out: canals, railroads, radio, airlines, atomic energy, and computers. Bonds were a safe way to beat stocks and “private debt and equity”) 

 

Warning: Be Careful, Let Others Have Some of your Winners.

                                        

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Rhymes + Future Opportunities - Weekly Blog # 942

Mike Lipper's Blog: Many Trends Within the Same Market - Weekly Blog # 941

Mike Lipper's Blog: What Can Go Wrong - Weekly Blog # 940

 

 

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Copyright © 2008 – 2026

A. Michael Lipper, CFA

 

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Sunday, May 10, 2026

What Can Go Wrong - Weekly Blog # 940

 

 

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

What Can Go Wrong

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

          

 

Preface

In preparing to start a buying program using one of the lessons from betting at the track you should recognize what could go wrong. The purpose of this blog is not to permit betting, but to avoid wagering on one’s ego and failing to learn from the experience.

 

There are four general reasons for not seeing an opportunity as a trap.

  1. Not appreciating the goals of the source.
  2. Inaccurate data or badly displayed data.
  3. Failing to process past mistakes.
  4. Too difficult to fathom. (Probably the least in terms of occurrence)

 

Tocqueville, as quoted by Goldman Sachs who deals well with errors. “The greatness of America lies not being more enlightened than any other nation, but rather her ability to repair her faults.” Therefore, I view betting on horses, securities, politics, people, and many other things, as learning experiences.

 

Sources of Mistakes

We all have deeply felt biases. The media and their chorus of pundits use information to motivate repeat use of their work. Thus, they transmit their pronouncements in the way we would like to read, see, or hear. For example, in the latest announcements of the number of people hired, it was better than many expected compared to the prior, shorter month, with bad weather. Deep in the article was the fact that it was not better than the same month last year. Furthermore, if you deduct healthcare and social assistance workers from the total employed, there has been no growth since 2024. Why is this important? The latter group receives payments from the federal government, either directly or indirectly, which will likely have some impact on the midterm elections.

 

This is probably a major reason for the various market indices going up. Using the data for this week only, 2/3rds of the stocks advanced and 1/3rd did not. Even on Friday, there was little focus on the number of new unemployment claims, which rose for the week. There was little coverage of the consumer sentiment survey by the University of Michigan, which hit a new low.

 

When companies release layoff numbers, they are vague and rounded. What disturbs me is that these are some of the most numeric-driven companies: Fidelity, Deloitte, and Commerzbank, all of which announced cutbacks. For some time, established financial and auditing firms around the world have been retiring senior people without hiring replacements. Even some “AI” people have been let go.

 

One of the most dangerous items of news is a shortage of an industry’s goods followed by a new large supply becoming available. Historically, look at what happened to the price of gold when the size of the Latin American precious metal was announced. While it made Spain wealthy, it hurt the other European nations with lots of gold in their vaults. So be careful if quantities jump up while simultaneously being withdrawn.

 

What We Should Have Learned?

Perhaps we should have learned from recorded history the need to negotiate debts payments, date, and rate! Examples include the Babylonians, William Shakespeare’s “Merchant of Venus”, the expansion and depression of the 1920s and 1930s, or even the present occupant of the White House.  

 

Almost every sector in the commercial world has added debt as their currency for expansion. This is one reason to keep an eye on the slowdown in ROTCE (Return on Total Capital Employed). Bearing in mind that this sum does not cover accidents and supply chain issues adequately.

 

Please let me know what you think I can learn. 

                                        

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: This Weekend’s Learning Sources - Weekly Blog # 939

Mike Lipper's Blog: Watch Out for the Four - Weekly Blog # 938

Mike Lipper's Blog: Investors’ Interlude - Weekly Blog # 937

 

 

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Copyright © 2008 – 2026

A. Michael Lipper, CFA

 

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Sunday, February 1, 2026

Do Current Prices Lead Future Markets? - Weekly Blog # 926

 

 

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

Do Current Prices Lead Future Markets?

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

 

Lessons From the Weatherperson

With condolences to too many in the US and Europe this weekend, no snow came down in Summit, New Jersey today. The purpose of mentioning this is not to gloat, because we will have our share of bad weather in the future. The purpose is to remind all of the lack of certainty in predictions, and to remind all that the real value of weather-people is making professional investors look good!

 

I have one advantage in the securities analysis game, another title for predictions. My advantage is I learned analysis at the New York racetracks. The first thing was to read the situation, which included the conditions of each race and many other details. The purpose of this exercise was to eliminate races that were difficult to analyze. For example, younger horses with little to no experience, or a clear standout quoted at very small odds. Remember, my prime objective was to leave the track with more money than when I arrived, after expenses. A goal only a minority achieved each day. (This led to never wagering all on any given race and having enough money to get home. Thus, I am not fully committed in my current portfolio.)

 

The next task was to compare the records of the horses, which usually produced horses with the most wins or fastest times. This exercise normally produced a list with the smallest betting-odds, and they would generally be excluded because the payoffs were relatively small. So much so that they would not even cover prior or future losses. (This is like coming to a highly favored stock in a late market phase)

 

With all these eliminations, what is left? What I found at the track and later at my desk were bits of information in public view, suggesting that on a given day a horse could do well and beat the more popular favorite. (This was and still is my current hunting ground for investments.)

 

The Big Advantage

There is a big long-term advantage in selecting investments over picking horses at the track. When the day at the track is over, the game restarts the next time you enter the track. With investing in securities your investment progress passes through a number of phases. I find it easier to pick securities, which will have more up phases than down. The big advantage is that after an up phase there is more at risk than what you initially put in. If there are subsequent up phases, your returns are the product of your initial investment plus the return on other people’s money. A study of the returns of successful people captures this compounding impact. 

 

Applying The Track’s Principles Today

Enthusiasm is the enemy of finding current bargains. Most long-term investors, if they don’t get punished by high expenses, taxes, and selling large portions of their wealth quickly, have a good record of growing capital. However, if they get sucked into the market when most are enthusiastic about its progress, they become victims when enthusiasm shifts. The greater the number of transactions the greater chance they will not only have poor returns but will lack the capital and the guts to buy when securities are cheap.

 

The 2026 Shift

One month is hardly conclusive that markets around the world are expecting a different game, but the S&P 600 Small Cap Index led most other US stock indices with a gain of +5.61% in January. (If that rate of monthly gains were to continue throughout the year, the annual gain would be over 100%)

 

By comparison, if a January S&P 500 Index gain of +1.45% continued for a year it would produce another double-digit return. The problem is that it results in a four-year period of double-digit returns. (I suspect the doubling of one of the small cap indices is more likely than a four-year period of double-digit gains in the S&P 500 Index. Goldman Sachs calculated that if only 1% of the capital invested in the S&P 500 moved to the S&P 600, it would raise the latter’s price by 37%.) For perspective, of the 105 Mutual fund peer group averages, only 8 were up double digits.

 

Now To The Real World

In the last 3 weeks the usually slow moving ECRI Industrial Price Index came alive with successive weekly readings of 131.20, 126.28, and 117.67. The gain over all of last year was +11.50%. The three biggest price-increases this week in The Wall Street Journal were Natural Gas +20.64%, ULSD (diesel fuel) +12.16%, and Crude +6.78%. (I wonder what the present Fed and the probable new Chairman after May will do.)

 

There are lot of other worrisome statics out there. In a recent report Michael Roberts listed some 17 economic return elements that are worth looking at. I have selected just a few of them for you to digest.

  1. Healthcare and social services generated more than 100% of net payroll gains in 2025. Top decile earners now account for about 45% of total consumption. (These top decile earners won’t be the beneficiaries of the tax changes in ’26.)
  2. Softer demand for luxury goods suggests financial stress is beginning to move up the ladder.
  3. Layoffs have reached recessionary levels and wage growth continues to slow.
  4. Creditors are increasingly unwilling to lend at historically low real yields.
  5. A recent PWC survey of 4000 global CEOs found that confidence in revenue growth had fallen to a five-year low.

 

Next Two Years

Odds are, the next two years will be anything but smooth. The key to surviving this troubled period is maintaining capital in diverse financial and other assets. Gather as many resourceful people as possible into your circle. Stay alert and get comfortable with change. Lastly, share your thoughts with us.  

 

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Failed Expectations: Do Details Count? Zig-Zag Flips - Weekly Blog # 925

Mike Lipper's Blog: Is This The Week That Ends Instability? - Weekly Blog # 924

Mike Lipper's Blog: How Much Longer Can We Avoid Thinking About the Long-Term? - Weekly Blog # 923 


 

 

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Copyright © 2008 – 2024

A. Michael Lipper, CFA

 

All rights reserved.

 

Contact author for limited redistribution permission.

Sunday, July 20, 2025

It May Be Early - Weekly Blog # 898

 

 

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

It May Be Early

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

 

 

A Usual Trap

A classic mistake in making future plans is focusing mainly on the present. In search of an investment policy for the next few years or longer, one should look at the causes of the main trends, not the size of the tariffs that have been announced.

 

The key force behind the announcements on tariffs is Donald Trump. His background is one of complex negotiations evolved from materially different views of how he sees the present and the future. I believe The President saw a critical problem of unfair trading terms facing the U.S. and saw a way to change the terms in favor of the country. He saw a way to solve the problem through meaningful discussion with the powers on the other side. The key was getting the right people around the table.

 

The core elements of unfairness are to be found in non-tariff trade barriers (NTB) erected by commercial interests with official or unofficial government support. (A number of examples were listed in last week’s blog, copy available.) While there is no published total of each country’s NTB effects, some experts believe their impact is twice the level of tariffs applied.

 

Mr. Trump’s way of dealing with foreign countries is to make the host nation an ally by using the size of US tariffs as a hammer. This is the reason behind the high announced tariffs, which is where President Trump expects the real bargaining to begin. I expect negotiations with major trading partners to take most of the summer. We may never fully understand the various changes to NTB’s, but a good clue will be changes to US tariffs.

 

Clearly there is another element to the aggregate size of the final US tariffs, the amount of cash expected to be paid to the US Treasury. This needs to be meaningful enough to keep the growth of the annual deficit acceptable to an unknown number of Republican Senators.

 

Most of these should be settled in the fall and early winter, so they do not unduly impact the mid-term elections. The economic background to the elections may be influenced by layoffs and the administration’s attempt to expand the economy. Additionally, further international actions may be the cause of how some state elections turn out.

 

The current crosswinds shown below may also impact the level of markets during this period:

  1. After a period of outflows, T. Rowe Price is cutting staff.
  2. Freight railroads are growing from China to Iran and Spain, for US continental trains, and other trains from Canada to Mexico.
  3. Tariffs may encourage smuggling.
  4. The latest weekly American Association of Individual Investors (AAII) sample survey showed a 39% positive and negative 6-month outlook.
  5. A study of structural bear markets shows the average breakeven to be about 9 years.
  6. The critical operating problems facing the US government is no different than those facing commercial and non-profit activities, a focus on effectiveness, not efficiency.
  7. Jaimie Dimon has shared the following thoughts:
    • Tariffs will be inflationary
    • US reserve currency status rests on military superiority
    • Markets are not low
    • Lessons can be learned from the turnaround of Detroit and problems created (and elongated) during the 1929 crash
    • Dollar weakness helps US multinationals 


As usual, I hope you will share your insights on the various thoughts expressed.

 

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Misperceptions: Contrarian & Other Viewpoints: Majority vs Minority - Weekly Blog # 897

Mike Lipper's Blog: Expectations: 3rd 20%+ Gain - Stagflation - Weekly Blog # 896

Mike Lipper's Blog: Analyst Calendar: Preparation for 2026 - Weekly Blog # 895



 

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Copyright © 2008 – 2024

A. Michael Lipper, CFA

 

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Contact author for limited redistribution permission.

Sunday, February 16, 2025

Recognizing Change as it Happens - Weekly Blog # 876

 

 

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

Recognizing Change as it Happens

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

 

 

Perspective is Difficult to Read

When gazing out a window while traveling in a car or a plane the view constantly changes, while the view within the vehicle remains constant, similar to the internal changes we experience while investing. Many of us are aware of both the outer world and our own investment perspective, although we are often unaware of the changes in people next to us. Rarely do we focus on factors impacting our own thinking during our travels.

 

Now may be a good time to review what is happening to those close to us, and even more importantly to ourselves. The following list of items crossed my consciousness this week, causing me to consider changes to our investments. In no particular order:

 

  1. While I am aware of the US stock market trading volume growing, the rate of change between the 2 stock markets is telling. Over the last 12 months trading volume on the NYSE has grown +8.03%, while the NASDAQ has grown +57.39%. This indicates that there are two very separate markets. This was confirmed by Thompson Reuters’*, an old Canadian/British firm, through their actions this week. They moved their US listing to the “junior” exchange, which they identified as the home of technology companies.
  2. The AAII sample survey had only 28.4% of their participants being bullish for the next 6 months, while 47.3% were bearish.
  3. The Economic Cycle Research Institute (ECRI) industrial price index was up +6.44% over the past 12 months.
  4. The Chinese marriage rate has dropped -20.5%.
  5. JP Morgan Chase* announced layoffs for next year.
  6. International Mutual Funds were the best performing group this week for the first time in a long time, led by large-cap growth funds.
  7. The Financial Times is asking how big Walmart* can get.
  8.  Until we actually see the final legislation and/or a court ruling, one wonders how the US will be governed. The US executive branch of government is in the courts for changes they’d like to make, after legal challenges.

I wonder how much longer the four international political leaders (Putin, Xi, Trump, and Moodi) will remain in power.

(* Owned in client or personal accounts.)

 

We are at a period in history where multiple large changes are occurring somewhat simultaneously, with significant consequences for winners and losers. Time is a scarce resource and that creates a sense of urgency among the participants. The following events bear close scrutiny as the outcome will be consequential for all.

  • Change in US government – The power dynamic is being challenged in Washington DC and the courts, with a clear understanding that power could revert to the old order after the mid-term elections. So, Republicans recognize that change must be accomplished within the next two years. If the Republicans are successful, the country will likely see smaller government with some power ceded to the states. Smaller government should come with smaller costs, a plus for the national debt situation.
  • Global government dynamics – Many governments around the world are grappling with similar ideological dynamics as those seen in the USA and are nervous about what might come next. This was on full display at the Munich Security Conference this week. The potential for trade wars could intensify significantly.
  • Two wars have the potential to conclude this year, Gaza and Ukraine. Not all are likely to be happy with the outcome. Nor will there be unanimity among those shepherding the negotiation. Rebuilding will be costly in both locations, with no clear indication of who will pay and what deals will be struck to compensate those investing the money.
  • Significant technological changes are likely in the next few years, with AI, robotics, and automation at the center of these changes. There will likely be big losers and winners, where the first mover advantage could be quite significant.
  • An energy renaissance is likely, as the new technology driven future requires substantially more power than what it is replacing. The green revolution will not likely provide adequate solutions for the energy shortages. Natural gas and nuclear power seem to be the likeliest winners, as they provide the most consistent baseloads and the smallest CO2 emissions.    

Each of these bullet points has the potential to be disruptive. Having them all occur at roughly the same time will make for a challenging investment environment. While traders may be able to trade successfully, the odds favoring investing are declining for the next several years.

 

I would like to hear contrary views.

 

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: A Rush to the 1930s - Weekly Blog # 875

Mike Lipper's Blog: More Evidence of New Era - Weekly Blog # 874

Mike Lipper's Blog: Roundtable Discussion - Weekly Blog # 873



 

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A. Michael Lipper, CFA

 

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Sunday, July 7, 2024

What I See and Perceive By Observing - Weekly Blog # 844

 

 

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

What I See and Perceive By Observing

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

             

Often One Finds it is Difficult to Predict the Future 

I Currently find it particularly hard to predict the size and timing of the next recession. Economic news is sharply split between enthusiastic believers from discredited pundits and concerned business owners joined by the buying public. The index bulls currently appear to be winners over those focused on the near-term future, expressed through layoffs and a shift to more thrifty purchasing. 

 

During periods like this I find it useful to seek guidance from those far away from the worlds of economics and finance. Yoggi Berra was one of the most successful baseball catchers and later became a good manager of teams. He had a unique perspective derived from crouching behind home plate. One of his more well-known quotes is “You can observe a lot by just watching”. Using this mantra, the following observations may be useful. 

 

From the World of Numbers 

  1. On Friday there was a significant difference between the percentage of rising and falling stocks on the two major US stock markets. Only 39% rose on the NYSE, while 63% rose on the NASDAQ. (This may indicate investors prefer shorter-term shares that are more speculative.) 
  2. Extending the observations to a slightly longer period of a four-day trading week and shifting to prices, one get more balanced results. Fifty percent of the stocks on the “Big Board” rose, while 45% rose on the NASDAQ. (This shows that the general market is pretty much in balance.) 
  3. Going out to a six-month outlook for the remaining half-year, the weekly AAII sample survey indicates an even more bullish than bearish bias, 41.7% vs. 2.6% respectively. It’s interesting that both indicators declined from the prior week by almost the same amount, 2.8% vs 2.2%. This is likely caused by a different group in the sample survey dominating. 
  4. In looking at the list of equity funds that beat the performance of the S&P 500 in the first half. The three leaders were Fidelity Contrafund +25.6%, Vanguard Growth Index ETF +20.51%, and American Funds Growth Fund of America +16.80%. These three funds represent some of the oldest fund management companies and are the largest funds in the equity business. They also have three very distinct ways of managing money. Fidelity Contra is managed by a single manager and has wide latitude in terms of stock selection, with a turnover rate of 16 %. Vanguard Growth Index ETF has a very low turnover of 5% and Growth Fund of America has a turnover rate of 25%, which is below average.  Growth Fund of America is managed by a number of portfolio managers and the research department. (This demonstrates that there are several ways to perform well. The calculation of turnover is required by the SEC, which takes the smaller of sales over purchases divided by monthly average of total assets. The SEC was interested in identifying management churning the portfolio to generate commissions, so they only used the smaller of the two numbers. Thus, the real turnover is at least double the published turnover.)    

 

Observations in terms of People  

  1. This is the year of elections, and the pundits are focusing their analysis on policies, which leads to inaccurate observations. The key is looking at the policies of the losers, not the winners, which is mostly the party now in power. In my opinion the losers failed to execute the solution to problems. One of the slogans ending Tammany Hall’s reign in New York was “Throw the Bums Out”, which is alive and well today against the “political class”. 
  2. The media creates the experts they want to quote. The Wall Street Journal (WSJ) recently announced the last “bear” has left Wall Street, referring to Marko Kolanovic leaving JP Morgan. When I first read the headline, I expected to read about Jaime Dimon, the CEO of the most powerful bank in the US, if not the world. JP Morgan is a stock I own. In last week’s blog I mentioned the number of leaders of both commercial and industrial firms that have been preparing for the next recession for some time. (In predicting a recession, the exact date of the beginning should be separated from the probability and timing of the event.) 

 

 

Please share Your Thoughts 

         

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Preparing for a Recession - Weekly Blog # 843

Mike Lipper's Blog: Understanding the Universe May Help - Weekly Blog # 842

Mike Lipper's Blog: Stock Markets Becoming More Difficult - Weekly Blog # 841

 

 

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Sunday, March 3, 2024

Bullish Chatter Leaves Out Useful Info - Weekly Blog # 826

 

      


Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

 

Bullish Chatter Leaves Out Useful Info

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

   

 

       

Public Service Announcement

Assuming you have been unable to avoid the bullish chatter from various media pundits and investment organizations, I will not repeat the positives on investments. Instead, I will file a “minority report” of little-known negative factoids to give some balance to your thought processes.

 

Layoffs Continue

Most publicized layoffs are from durable goods producing companies. It is the service providers that really drive the US economy, contributing over 70% to GDP when the service functions of manufacturers are included. When service companies encounter economic difficulties, they tend to cut back gradually rather than in lump sums. They are also less unionized and tend to provide fewer announcements. I therefore tend to pay more attention to the layoffs of service companies. That is why when Expedia announced this week that it is reducing its workforce by 9% it is worth paying attention. It is probably the tip of the iceberg above the waterline.

 

Rare Counter News

The senior strategist for JP Morgan Chase suggests we are in a period of Stagflation (slowly rising prices and wages). The clue to this analysis is the most prominent portrait in the White House main room where the current President meets foreign dignitaries and congressional leaders. It is no accident; the current White House occupant’s favorite President was FDR. In the second half of his term which converted a cyclical recession into a period of stagflation.

 

When the Public are Invited into what was Formerly Private, Beware!

Private lending has historically been conducted exclusively between a single borrower and a small number of financial institutions; all without the “benefit” of government review. Some financial firms are now offering pieces of private credit to the “unwashed” public. It is not only because some members of the public have accumulated cash, but also possibly due to federally sponsored inflation. Some believe there is now more risk in private credit than in the past.

 

Speculators are Buying More Than Institutions

In the latest week, 39% of the shares traded on the NYSE were at rising prices, with 60% on the NASDAQ going up. I suspect there was more institutional volume on the “Big Board”, with some having a longer-term outlook than the public or their advisers.

 

Be Careful of Labels

Many market prognosticators currently worry about the size of the gains chalked up by large “growth” companies, advocating for a switch to small caps. As someone who has invested in both individual small caps and more significantly in funds invested in smaller caps, I am concerned that the data used to support their long-term desirability is faulty.

 

Compared to larger stocks there is a problem with the data due to survivor bias, both for the winners and losers. Some wonderful or seemingly wonderful companies have had their history cut short by being acquired. At times, some of these companies are sought after because of apparently superior products, leadership, or customer base.

 

The sellers believe that the price paid compensates them for giving up some of their potential gains, but it also assumes it reduces their business and personal risks. Many performance histories capture their partial performance for the extended period in the published record, as the history of bankrupt companies is kept in the small-cap record. Additionally, the significance of the bankruptcy record is diminished due to their prices typically being much smaller than most acquired companies.

 

This data concern should not rule out investing in small-caps, although it suggests small-caps are neither a plus nor a minus for selection. Similarly, college selection should not be based solely on first grade class ranking.

 

Stock Selection vs. Portfolio Management

There are many ways to win or lose a football or baseball game. Some variables deal with the play of a particular contest, while others must consider the season, player development, audience development, funding needs, and the career progress of key individuals. Sounds complex!

 

A similar set of puzzles are used to solve the issues of stock selection and portfolio management. In this country, a large portion of the population has an opinion on how the game should have been played, at least for the audience. Predictability improves as one lengthens the time from a single game to a season. For companies, factors like the number of years, loyalty development, and careers might be important. In the fullness of time the last two periods are the long-term payoffs for the real winners, who are small in number but rich in experience and profits. For the most part, success can only be achieved through experience. There is very little written about how to achieve success.

 

Turning to successful long-term investing, the same complexities exist.  These are the problems I face in my life work. Producing these weekly blogs is one way I hope to think through the issues. Unlike some great investors, I limit my focus to individual equities and funds, excluding fixed income, commodities, and critical sources not in English.

 

You Can Help by Sharing Your Experiences, Particularly When You Believe I Am Wrong. 

 

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Caution: This Time Is Different - Weekly Blog # 825

Mike Lipper's Blog: What Moves the Stock Market? - Weekly Blog # 824

Mike Lipper's Blog: Picking Winners/Avoiding Losers - Weekly Blog # 823

 

 

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Copyright © 2008 – 2023

Michael Lipper, CFA

 

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Contact author for limited redistribution permission.

Sunday, May 7, 2023

My Triple Crown - Weekly Blog # 783

 



Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings


My Triple Crown:

Berkshire, Coronation, Derby, plus analytical insights

 

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018

 

 

 

Berkshire Hathaway Annual Benefits

One of the advantages of owning shares in this unique company, both personally and professionally, is having the opportunity to learn from Warren Buffett, Charlie Munger, Greg Able, and Ajit Jain. The side conversations with a number of deeply involved investors and managers is an added benefit. For me, my wife, and my son Steve, this is truly an educational experience.

 

In terms of Berkshire, the following is a brief list of short-term (one year) comments:

  1. The “float” is expected to be higher than in 2022. There should also be earnings from the railroad.
  2. They have heavy property insurance exposure in Florida real estate.
  3. GEICO will not be getting the full benefit of the switch to fully automate until at least 2024, possibly longer.
  4. The stock is selling below “going-concern value”, suggesting it’s a good use of cash, particularly for heirs.

 

Coronation

While the coronation of King Charles III and Queen Camilla is important to many in the English-speaking world, it is also important to those of us entrenched in the investment world. King Charles produced a more modern version of the over 1,000-year-old coronation with all its pageantry and significance. Globally, he should give us hope we can remodel a financial system showing serious signs of disarray, with the inability to produce good value for all direct and indirect participants. Among which are the problems related to regional banks, commercial real estate, government sponsored inflation, inadequate education, inefficient healthcare, and getting the optimum benefits from layoffs. (More on the latter subject later in this blog.) We should learn what we can from King Charles’s discipline, especially his ability to make painful decisions with a clear view of a desirable future.

 

Kentucky Derby

The Kentucky Derby is America’s most famous horse race, which is unfortunate. The entrants in the race are 3-year-young horses with very little experience. This year’s winner, like many others in the race, had only raced 3 times and had only raced once at the Derby’s distance.  As most blog readers have learned, I believe whatever analytical talents I may have, I learned at the New York racetracks.

 

The payoff after both the tax authorities and track takes their share is important in figuring out if a particular horse is worth betting on. It’s a critical element of my handicapping skill, which I carry over to my financial analysis responsibilities. Not surprisingly, Warren Buffett also learned a great deal from attending local racetracks. One can see this when he explains the key to Berkshire’s insurance success, which is getting the right spread between the rate charged and the risk of loss.

 

One of the determents in this analysis is who you are competing against. This was an unusual Derby in that a number of horses were scratched. The betting crowd (the market) was left without a strong preference or favorite, much like one of the five largest market-caps in most sectors. At the track, the odds-on favorites are often 2 to1, or less. In this year’s race the winning odds-on favorite was 4 to 1. This should have been an alert to bettors that there was a low level of confidence in the crowd’s or the market’s choices. Somewhat similar to a number of market periods we have gone through recently. This filter might have suggested giving a more earnest look at horses with longer odds. Opening up the possibility of identifying a horse with 9 to 1 odds who finished first barely beating the second finisher, a horse with 5 to 1 odds. This type of behavior is why I often favor less popular investments, including small-caps and companies with somewhat blemished records. Particularly when there is a change of jockeys or other key managers. The keys to success in this type of thinking is not the win vs. loss ratio, but the number of dollars won or lost. Or if you prefer, Berkshire’s rate vs risk.

 

Analytical Insights

Hardly a day passes without the media reporting on a company with a new layoff. This is not newsworthy because of the number of people being laid-off, but because it’s happening during a period of high employment where there’s a surplus number of job openings relative to the number of people unemployed. Clearly there is an imbalance, or phrased another way, the people unemployed are different that those employed.

 

This condition requires careful and thoughtful analysis based on incomplete data. I suggest disaggregating the layoffs by presumed causes. The following is a list of types of layoffs and their significance:


  1. LIFO (Last In, First Out) is usually directed by HR people from an easy date of employment list, without any further consideration. (I avoided one such occasion personally by going to a senior partner of an institutional brokerage firm which had 5 junior analysts. I pointed out that the likely salaries in aggregate were roughly equivalent to that of one aging but knowledgeable senior analyst. Perhaps my logic or guts worked, all five junior analysts were saved. I left the firm for another opportunity soon thereafter. Of the 4 that remained, at least 2 became productive firm partners.)
  2. The opposite approach is sorting by perceived talent and keeping the best. In effect create a talent bank.
  3. Friends for life. As I moved up, I recognized that some talented individuals did not fit where the firm was going. I suggested they find a better place and they became friends for life.
  4. A layoff can be an essential part of a plan to move an operation, disposing of an activity that no longer fits.

 

Good analysts should try to determine which of the four alternatives most likely fits their described motivation. The LIFO layoff is only helpful in improving overall short-term productivity, as it does not make the remaining workers feel good about working for the employer. This may be unavoidable if the company is a union shop with built in official or unofficial rules governing layoffs. If so, the employer has deeper problems. 

 

In Conclusion

I had a good learning week, and I am happy to discuss my views with subscribers. Whether you agree or not, I can learn from you.

 

 

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

Mike Lipper's Blog: Fire Drill - Weekly Blog # 782

Mike Lipper's Blog: Early Stages of a New Grand Cycle? - Weekly Blog # 781

Mike Lipper's Blog: Pre, Premature Wish - Weekly Blog # 780

 

 

 

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Copyright © 2008 – 2023

Michael Lipper, CFA

 

All rights reserved.

 

Contact author for limited redistribution permission.