On The Way To The Bottom? - Weekly Blog # 730

                                    

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

On The Way To The Bottom?

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018 –

When amid a campaign with no predetermined finish, it is difficult to guess both the timing and the result. We are in that position today and the best we can do is guess. Generally, there are two approaches to guessing. The first is to evaluate past contests and the second is to focus on current conditions. I will briefly do both, including two surprising differences.

History

Each market and/or economic decline is different. Pundits use labels for stock markets, such as market phase, correction, and bear market. Economic declines are divided into cyclical and structural. None are tight descriptions, but are somewhat useful in describing what has happened, with some predictive value.

Stock Market Declines

A fall of 20% from a former peak is called a bear market, a decline of 10% is labeled a correction, and a smaller decline is called a market phase. The problem today is the three popular US stock market indices can each be labeled with a different name:

DJIA               -8.82%  =  Market Phase

S&P 500           -12.28%  =  Correction

NASDAQ Composite  -25.06%  =  Bear Market

The majority of the public and therefore politicians get their brief market news based largely on the DJIA. Securities distributors and thin staffed financial institutions use the SPX, while professional traders pay attention to the NASDAQ. No wonder there is confusion concerning the current state of the market and to some extent where it may go. Almost by definition, the greater the decline the sooner a bottom is reached. Long-term subscribers know that I often find the NASDAQ composite a better market predictor than the others two measures. The NASDAQ led both on the way up and down. The reason for this is the junior index having proportionally less passive (index) investors making specific stock judgements. 

If you accept this analysis, then we have reached the level beginning a bottom, as most bottoms occur after a 25% decline. Consequently, followers of the NASDAQ can start to believe the bottom for this market is in range. This view is backed up by the level of transactions on the NYSE and NASDAQ, plus the number of new lows for the week ended Friday. On a year-to-date volume basis, the NYSE is +6.98% and the NASDAQ -6.10%. Last week the number of new lows on the NYSE was 649, versus 1023 on the NASDAQ. (In analyzing the NASDAQ, it is important to recognize that technology stocks were the leading sector, both rising and falling. (In the long-term future, I believe “tech” stocks will be among the leaders, but not necessarily the same names.)

Cyclical or Structural Economic Declines

Cyclical economic contractions are much more frequent than structural changes. Typically, cyclical contractions are caused by excessive money supply growth, which leads to too much borrowing and inflation. 

Symptoms 

We are currently experiencing those symptoms. The M2 measure of money supply growth is currently +13.21% on a year-to-year basis, which clearly includes what politicians call stimulus and I call political bribes. Not surprisingly, this has led to the JOC-ECRI growing +17.37% this year. (The good news is the index dropped 1.51% this week). Consequently, it is reasonable to speculate a recession is in our future.

The critical risk is political leaders transforming a cyclical downturn into a structural one, as they did globally in the 1930s. This is not a prediction, but as a trained US Marine I am always alert to a sneak attack and need to be aware of the risk. There are currently an unfortunate number of parallels with the 1930s. Despite a general economic expansion globally, there is a vocal minority that can be leveraged by politicians (Remember, I believe Mark Twain said the job of a politician is to find a parade and get in front of it). 

Current leadership is becoming more autocratic in several countries. Small regional wars have the potential to become global wars e.g., Ukraine>>>Black Sea >>>Asia Minor >>>>East vs West?.

The French Presidential election demonstrates much of the population votes against. This election conforms to the view that there are almost no popular governments, just more popular than the opposition. This in turn makes long term plans difficult, which in turn also makes investment judgements difficult.

Question: What do you think?

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

https://mikelipper.blogspot.com/2022/04/short-long-term-thoughts-weekly-blog-729.html

https://mikelipper.blogspot.com/2022/04/is-this-great-investment-era-ending.html

https://mikelipper.blogspot.com/2022/04/wwiii-slightly-delayed-bear-market.html

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Copyright © 2008 - 2020

A. Michael Lipper, CFA

All rights reserved.

Contact author for limited redistribution permission.

Building Your Future Winning Portfolio - Weekly Blog # 724

 

Mike Lipper’s Monday Morning Musings

Building Your Future Winning Portfolio

Editors: Frank Harrison 1997-2018, Hylton Phillips-Page 2018 –

Personality Shapes Portfolio Architecture 

One hurdle we give little thought is the modern mass production of clothes, foods, jobs, schools, and financial instruments (portfolios). Staunton Military Academy and the US Marine Corps were contributors to what I am today, but like everyone else I want to be unique. In that search to find myself, both my wife and I have turned to history to learn how others developed their identities. 

Focusing on how others have navigated their successes and failures, I am particularly interested in learning how to minimize losses. Large failures are typical of those who have achieved measurable success. Psychologists who measure the impact of winning and losing believe we feel at least twice as bad from losing. (I believe some of us feel even worse about losses. Losses delay our commitments to successful actions and use up some of our precious time.) People experience both successes and failures and some learn from their defeats, using that knowledge to build subsequent victories. For example, both George Washington and Abraham Lincoln suffered multiple losses before their victories. 

We Alone Are the Senior Architect of Our Investments 

While we may consult with various professionals, family, and friends, we are ultimately responsible for creating our investment portfolio and our lives. I have prepared an a la carte menu for you to choose from that is specific to meeting your investment personality needs. Instead of each alternative having prices or calories as a guide, I list a very rough risk/return identifier. (Through your own experience you can modify my judgements.) 

A la Carte Menu of Portfolio Vehicles 

Type             Risk Orientation

All on a single bet      Favored by entrepreneurs (Henry Ford 

                         was twice bankrupt before success) 

Concentrated holdings    Limited number of large bets with 

                         common risk characteristics 

 

Actively managed fund    Account/fund of less than 50 names 

Passive Index Fund       Fully invested + low turnover 

Combined Approaches      Risk avoidance limits upside 

Personally, I plead guilty to the last choice. Our big positions are centered on domestic and international financial services companies and funds. I use actively managed funds and fund management companies when I do not have confidence in particular companies, but believe their focus is correct. In doing so I use a fund or fund like vehicle as a common denominator play. 

Types of Declines and Expected Influence Structures 

The US stock market has been in decline for some time. In some respect you could go back to 2019 or earlier. The expansion of the NASDAQ Composite since the financial crisis may have ended in November 2021. Using that as a measure we have entered a bear market for at least two days, but it is not yet convincing. Both the Dow Jones Industrial Average and the S&P 500 have entered a correction phase, falling more than 10%. (The media called both the bear market and correction phase but cannot tie it to an economic or market measure.) Nevertheless, this may be a good time to assess the types of market declines and appropriate tactics and strategies: 

Correction Phase - According to S&P, the market is up +9% one year later. 

Bear Market - One year later the market is up +13%. (To the extent that the market indices represent one’s holdings and the account is eventually taxable, it doesn’t make sense to liquidate unless there is a specific problem that questions the future of the company. Most, but not all recessions lead to bear markets, so it is not a specific call for portfolio action. 

The real risk is an activist top-down government taking a normal cyclical decline and turning it into an active depression lasting a couple of years or more. If this is expected, the proper strategy is to cut expenditures as much as possible and shrink the portfolio in terms of capital commitment, but not names. In The Wall Street Journal, Jason Zweig recounts the incidence of Sir John Templeton buying 104 stocks trading for under $1.00, including 34 that were in bankruptcy. This was in 1939 before the US entered WWII. After the war he made a profit on 100 of the positions. (I do not expect a similar experience for the country, the market, or an investor, but the lesson shows the value of long-term investing, staring with low prices on the NYSE.) 

Which is Best Now? 

History does not offer a direct parallel. The closest that I have seen is the 6 months prior to the declaration of WWI. The immediate causes were the weak, isolationist, attitudes of the US government, plus the assignation of the Archduke, which was part of the unrest in Eastern Europe. Our fear is China supplying military goods to Russia as requested. This conceivably could bring a third world war.  

In deciding what to do, I suggest putting both the stock tables and the annual reports down. Evaluate your holdings as companies. Would you like to own all the company and never sell it? Warren Buffett views companies based on whether your children would be buyers of their products or services. 

After many successful years of investment, you may have an oversized highly profitable position and may have large loss positions to “harvest”, if you don’t think they will recover. These losses could be used to bring balance to your portfolio by recognizing the losses and simultaneously reducing some of the overweight positions in your winners. The freeing up of cash from both losers and slightly reduced winners creates a fund for reinvestment at a time when prices are reduced. 

Final thoughts: Understanding that making a series of correct investment turning point decisions is very rare, allow yourself to make mistakes, learn from them, and generally stay the course.

  

Did you miss my blog last week? Click here to read.

https://mikelipper.blogspot.com/2022/03/does-decline-influence-recovery-weekly.html

https://mikelipper.blogspot.com/2022/02/successful-investing-expects-unexpected.html

https://mikelipper.blogspot.com/2022/02/we-are-progressing-weekly-blog-721.html

Did someone forward you this blog? 

To receive Mike Lipper’s Blog each Monday morning, please subscribe by emailing me directly at AML@Lipperadvising.com

Copyright © 2008 - 2020

A. Michael Lipper, CFA

All rights reserved.

Contact author for limited redistribution permission.